Ethical Dilemmas Of A Social Worker - 892 Words

As a social worker many problems may arise because of the constant grey area of either letting your personal values interfere with your professional opinion. It is essential to provide your client with information and tools to help them succeed and overcome their problems. Following the core values is essential to being a resourceful, competent social worker. In some cases, core values are in conflict. In a situation where more than one core value is in conflict it is considered an ethical dilemma (Hick, 2009). It’s not guaranteed that a perfect solution will arise, therefore one of the core values is subsided because the other has more of an impact on the client. Ethical dilemmas can appear in various settings and with a variety of different clients. For instance, a 15-year-old boy, a regular client, who is dealing with depression comes in to an appointment with blurry eyes and a slurred speech. He confides in you that his is under the influence of ecstasy and crystal meth because his friends convinced him to try it. He’s worried that he will become addicted and is asking for your help with his drug abuse. You tell him about a program with other teens who have depression and substance abuse issues that is publicly funded. He agrees to enroll in the program but he doesn’t want his parents to know about it. Since your client is under 18, you are debating if you can allow him to give consent to enroll in the program without his parent’s permission (acssw.org). From theShow MoreRelatedEthical Dilemmas Of Social Workers1158 Words   |  5 Pageswhich social workers can avoid ethical dilemmas. In regards to the Jones case I will explain five ethical dilemmas. I will explain what 3 core values could have benefitted the Jones family and I will give three strategies I will use to practice ethical behavior in my field of social work in the future. There are many ethical dilemmas in the Jones case. The first one I want to point out is the grandma giving Susan a quilt to show her appreciations. According to the NASW Code of Ethics, Social workersRead MoreEthical Dilemmas Of A Social Worker Essay1553 Words   |  7 PagesEthical dilemmas happen frequently in the social work and how one handles them could be the difference on how a clinician keeps their license or not. The problem is there is no way to prepare a person from knowing what situations will arise. Scenarios arise all the time and new ways to handle them is constantly changing. The ethical dilemma can happen anywhere and at any time with anyone, it could be a client, co-worker, and even supervisors. No social worker is safe from them. One however canRead MoreEthical Values in Social Work Essay example1381 Words   |  6 PagesSocial work values and ethical dilemmas What are values, ethics, ethical dilemmas and a code of ethics? Values relate to principles and attitudes that provide direction to everyday living. Values also refer to beliefs or standards considered desirable by a culture, group or individual (AASW). Similar to values, but slightly different, ethics means a system of beliefs held about what constitutes moral judgement and right conduct, they are moral principles (rules, guides) (AASW). So an ethicalRead MoreThe Core Value Of Social Justice Essay1704 Words   |  7 Pages Social Justice Similarly, the core value of social justice is defined in the context of ethical principles as that of social workers challenging social injustices. In working with a client like Vivi, a moral dilemma would arise which would have the potential to affect society as a whole by depriving others of the peace, equality, and treatment deserved by all human beings. Also, as a federally mandated reporter, a workers professional ethics and an individual’s personal set of standards can becomeRead MoreEthics And Morals Of Social Work Practice1068 Words   |  5 PagesTopic: Ethics and Morals of Social Work Practice. Our everyday interactions are underpinned by ethics. Social work in its sectors deals with people in multiple and complex situations. Social workers largely work with people that are affected by different life aspects such as ethnicity, disabilities and culture. The fundamental concern for social work is to understand how these aspects affect the individuals. Applying normative ethical theory, processes of ethical analysis. Virtue ethics concernedRead MoreEthical Issues Of Social Work Practice1093 Words   |  5 PagesUnit 17: Topic: Ethical issues in Social Work Practice. Our everyday interactions are underpinned by ethics. Social work in its sectors deals with people in multiple and complex situations. Social workers largely work with people who are affected by different life aspects such as ethnicity, disabilities and culture. The fundamental concern for social work is to understand how these aspects affect the individuals. Applying normative ethical theory processes of ethical analysis Virtue ethics concernedRead MoreSocial Problems Of The Social Problem885 Words   |  4 PagesOne major social problem that concerns me is social division. Social divisions include but are not limited to: gender, race, class, identity, language barriers, and geographical locations. They are often separated into categories of people. Ex. Homeless, elderly, sex offenders, single parents, disabilities, children, teens, etc. In today’s time, we seem to point the finger on everyone else rather than taking the blame ourselves and it is not surprising to see that the majority is being accused onRead MoreCase Women s Center : Implementation Of Financial Cutbacks1498 Words   |  6 Pageswomen with degrees in social work, counseling, and psychology. Research suggests that social work professionals are some of the best prepared to respond to the world’s social problems. Social workers are not easy to find in the mix of societal problem solving and for the Director of the womenà ¢â‚¬â„¢s agency to have reduced the number of counseling professionals from nine to three was an error on her behalf. It would have been in the interest of the Director to support the social workers. The professionalsRead MoreThe Code Of Ethics Of The National Association Of Social Workers Essay1714 Words   |  7 PagesEthical Dilemmas 1. (20 Points) Using Figure 11.1 (Page 416) in your UGP Text, List and Discuss how you would approach an Ethical Dilemma. (1-page, single space max). The Code of Ethics of the National Association of Social Workers (NASW) is designed to communicate the fundamental values, ethical principles, and ethical standards of the social work profession, regardless of the role in which the workers are functioning. These codes should always be consulted as guidelines when ethical issuesRead MoreThe Ethical Dilemma Of Child Abuse1419 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Ethical dilemmas, also known as a moral dilemmas, are situations in which there is a choice to be made between two options, neither of which resolves the situation in an ethically acceptable fashion† (Your Dictionary, 2001). The ethical dilemma I’m choosing is breach of client confidentiality in terms of child abuse. Dilemmas around child abuse arise when the principle of confidentiality is in conflict with other ethical principles. The confidentiality principle may be in conflict when a client

What Is Human Immunodeficiency Virus Essay - 1560 Words

What is HIV? Human immunodeficiency virus is known to be called HIV, and it is the virus that causes AIDS. HIV weakens a person s strength and ability to fight infections. White blood cells are an important part of the immune system. â€Å"HIV infects and destroys certain white blood cells called CD4+ cells. HIV attacks the body’s immune system, specifically the CD4 cells (T cells), which helps the immune system fight off infections† (Nordqvist). It is commonly contracted through many things but most importantly unprotected sex or needle sharing. An HIV test confirms diagnosis. Over a certain period of time, HIV can gradually abolish so many of these cells that the body can’t fight off infections and diseases. Without treatment, average survival time after infection of HIV is estimated to be 9 to 11 years, depending on the HIV subtype. A sophisticated research indicates that approximately â€Å"50,000 people including men and women in Unites States are diagnosed with HIV every year†. There are countless distinctive strains of the popular disease known to be HIV and therefore t is classified in two types. â€Å"Type 1 HIV is most common worldwide but controversy. HIV type 2 is found mostly in Africa, with some cases in India and Europe† (Nordqvist). With the proper level of treatment and care, many people with HIV are capable of living a long and active life. What are the Stages of HIV? The three stages of HIV infection are (1) acute HIV infection, (2) chronic HIV infection, and (3)Show MoreRelatedWhat is HIV/AIDS? Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that your body can’t get rid of.600 Words   |  3 PagesWhat is HIV/AIDS? Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that your body can’t get rid of. This virus sits in your body and attack your immune system and essential virus fighting cells. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is the final stage of HIV infection. At this point of HIV people have badly damaged immune systems, which put them at risk for other disease and infections. HIV/AIDS burst on to the scene in the 1980’s and was originally thought to only affect homosexual males. ThatRead MoreHuman Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv )1359 Words   |  6 PagesThis paper explores the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as well as the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The virus has infected two million adults and children by the year 2005 already. The virus continues to race around the world, and new HIV infections are at 50,000 per year (Martine Peeters, Matthieu Jung, Ahidjo Ayouba) (2013). The final outcome of the HIV infection is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). There are many treatments that have developed to help the large numberRead MoreCommunicable Disease934 Words   |  4 PagesPrevention). Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the virus that causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is an infection that slowly destroys the immune system, which makes it difficult for the body to fight off infections. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a communicable disease transmitted through, semen, blood, vaginal secretions, and breast milk. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) offers guidance in helping control the human immunodeficiencyRead MoreAIDS/HIV Its Effects on Popular Culture Essay1194 Words   |  5 Pagesworker. Some people may sadly consider their lives extinguished upon contraction of the in-curable virus, others will not let the infection rule their lives. However, the infection is no long-er considered a death sentence in contrast to what many may believe. Many people are igno-rant of the virus and continue to believe what was shared many years ago. What is HIV/AIDS, and what is its history? What is its effects on the body? How can it be, not cured, but treated? Who is at higher risk for aRead MoreModern Day Methods Of Contracting1113 Words   |  5 Pagesdefines what SIV is, the different subfields involved, and which species they originate from. The zoonotic transmission of the SIV virus from these non-human primates is discussed as well. As a result of these transmissions, the human immunodeficiency virus is brought to life. In this paper, this virus and its journey throughout history will be explained. Also, HIV and the different subfields this virus can be classified in are discussed throughout the research. As well as the where this virus was contractedRead MoreThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv ) Essay1396 Words   |  6 Pages The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects the human wellbeing by attacking the body’s immune system which is the natural defense system in the human body to resist infections. When the immune system is being compromised, the body becomes less capable of fighting diseases, allowing the body to become more susceptible to infections. Different from other viruses that the body can get rid of, HIV will remain in the body for life (Wright and Carnes, 2016). HIV works by attacking the CD4Read MoreApplying Public Health Principles For The Hiv Epidemic923 Words   |  4 PagesHIV virus is spread by people who do not know that they are infected. This article argues that it is time to find a comprehensive public health method that will help stopped this epidemic from spreading even more. This article also talks about the ways HV is transmitted and what can we do to protect ourselves from this virus. It took two decades for the United States to figure out a plan to report HIV cases. Now the best thing we can do is come up with a plan to make people aware of this virus soRead MoreHuman Immunodeficiency Virus, Also Known As Hiv, Continuous1519 Words   |  7 PagesHuman immunodeficiency virus, also known as HIV, continuous to be an epidemic crisis. HIV can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) if left untreated.Unlike other viruses once HIV is acquired the human body can not get rid of it. Sub Saharan Africa is currently the most affected region for HIV/AIDS, Men in the region seem to be the most affected. There is currently no cure for HIV, however there is possible treatme nt, as well as ways one can prevent developing the virus. HIV/AIDS continousRead MoreMovie Analysis : Forrest Gump 829 Words   |  4 Pagessick. F: What, do you have a cough due to cold? J: I have some kind virus. And the doctor don’t, they don’t know what it is. And there isn’t anything they can do it. (Movie Quotes Database, 2014) Although the director did not tell the audience what Jenny affected, whereas according to the timeline of this movie we can infer that Jenny was dead in 1982, and the doctors did not know what the disease is. This virus could be HIV probably. Until today, the HIV continues to be hazardous virus and no effectiveRead MoreEffect of HIV Virus on the Immune System657 Words   |  3 PagesDiseases Progression: Effect of HIV Virus on the Immune System Name Institution of Affiliation: Diseases Progression: Effect of HIV Virus on the Immune System Human Immunodeficiency Virus, abbreviated as HIV, is a virus responsible for a body condition referred to as Acquired Immunodeficiency Virus (AIDS). AIDS describes a state of the body whereby defense mechanism of the body against all infectious agents malfunctions. There is a gradual but constant loss of the body cells responsible for

Oil and Gas Management Gases Production

Question: Discuss about the term for Oil and Gas Management for Gases Production? Answer: Introduction Wilson and VanBriesen (2012) opined that Oil and Gas management plays the potential approaches in terms of resolving the issues in oil and gases production. Safety and health management is one the most vital constituents of the oil and gas industries. For overcoming the problems related to the cash crunch on dividends and project, it is necessary to consult with the oil and gas management team. This research essay clearly illustrates the issues faced by the Big Oil during their manufacturing of oil and gasses. The research focuses on the cash crisis of sub- $50 per barrel on projects and dividends. It also illustrates the strategies that the Oil and Gas industries need to implement for overcoming the problems related to it. The research concentrates on the necessity of production maximizing policies. Finally, the research report focuses on the planning of oil companies for reducing the emission of carbon in the atmosphere. Cash Crunch of sub-$50/bbl Oil on projects and dividends Recently, the Oil and Gas companies over the world are facing many issues and struggling enough to earn real cash for covering their plans, spending, and dividends. For that reason, they use to put their maximum effort to spend billions of dollars from their available budget to overcome the situation of frequent changing in oil prices (Fuller 2013). In early 1998, the oil prices were going around $20 per barrel and at that time the existing oil companies seems to be successful (Wilson and VanBriesen 2012). Then, in the year 1999, the price of each barrel dropped down to $10 resulting in gaining economies of scale as well as developed some renowned companies like Royal Dutch Shell PLC, Exxon Mobil Corporation., BP PLC, and Chevron Corporation. During the three years from 2011 to 2014 June, the prices of the oil per barrel seemed to be $110 per barrel with low volatility (Keefer et al. 2015). The Exxon, Chevron, BP, and Shell were facing a slump in oil prices resulting in cash crunching of the oil barrels. From the year, 1998 different types of things have changed in the field of Oil and Gas management. The demand for these oil barrels was coming from the Eastern regions of the World, and due to this fact, the oil companies are developing and planning strategically to gain the economic stability of their businesses by preparing higher cost fields (Uddameri, Morse and Reible 2014). The cost cutting affects the ability of enterprises to increase and maintain the future production. Due to the growing impact of Oil industries in the United States, the oil companies of United States started producing nine million barrels per day. After taking all such initiatives by raising the price of each barrel to $90, still the oil companies of United States were unable to meet their targets. During the year 2015, the cost of oil extraction was quite high whereas the price per barrel of oil was only $50 (Wilson and VanBriesen 2012). For that reason, the leaders of oil industries are facing immense pres sure, and they are trying to focus on some strategic planning to overcome the problems (Ingraffea et al. 2014). After the completion of the whole research procedure, some fundamental strategic thinking has come forward which is very crucial to overcome the problem that the big oil was facing (Keefer et al. 2015). The strategic thinking that has been demonstrated in some public announcement of Big Oil to overcome the issue of cash crunch includes: Firstly, the seven major oil companies have taken a logical strategy to overcome the oil exploitation and to gain profits by using geological tools, equipments, and some latest technologies including fracturing (Fuller 2013). Secondly, they even set some goals for selling their pre-existing oil reserves to the customers. They also need to distribute the vast amount of cash to their shareholders before drying of their low cost oil fields (Pedroni et al. 2013). The strategy upon which the oil companies are focusing is usually self-liquidation (Kelland 2014). Thirdly, the management heads of Oil companies believes that the religious emotion is increasing the demand for oil and its prices. For that reason, only the oil management teams are trying to waste money for reserving the Oil and Gas to maximize the shareholders cash payouts. Fourthly, the oil administration team finally declined the strategy of an investment shift from an oil exploration to current energy technologies that is going to replace the fossil fuels. All these strategic thinking are present in the mind of the Oil and Gas management teams of Big Oil to overcome their current cash crunch issues (Yusuf et al. 2014). Abandon of Production maximizing policies The Oil and Gas companies need to focus strongly on the production maximizing strategies for their survival in this present competitive market. The research clearly reveals that if those Oil and Gas companies do not concentrate on the production maximizing systems, then their economic infrastructure will sure get affected. Possibly, they will not be able to earn the actual revenue for which they have already planned earlier (Gregory and Mohan 2015). There are several reasons for the dramatic decrease in the price of oil in the United States. The reasons for these consequences are less demand of oil barrels because of global economic dullness, and excess production of oils in the United States, which in turn increases the value of the dollar as compared to other currencies (Pedroni et al. 2014). All these questionable circumstances result in the collapsing of production maximizing business model of Big Oil. The Big Oil needs an active and urgent recovery in output maximizing business model, and hence, there is no question to abandon production-maximizing policies (Rodriguez and Soeder 2015). During the time of price declination, the oil manufacturers were continuously concentrating on pumping out of petroleum for gaining profit. The Big Oil was focusing on their business model, which was dealing with ever-increasing demand for the oil though it was costly to refine and manufacture (Rahm and Riha 2014). Companies like Exxon (largest US oil firm) and Chevron (second most major oil company) have made a significant profit in the current years. Suddenly, with the less demand and excessive production of oil led to the dramatically dysfunction of that production maximizing policies. The production maximizing policies were first adopted in the year 2005 when the Big Oil was facing a critical situation (Shin et al. 2013). Many oil companies were shifted to some dry regions, which allow the experts to predict a probable increase in global oil production (Hladik, Focazio and Engle 2014). During that time, the experts were also focusing on the climatic change, which in turn threaten the future of the Big Oil companies. These issues even created pressure on the leading oil companies and forced them to invest their money in some alternative sources of energy (Aramayo et al. 2013). The research reveals that at the end of the first decade of the twenty-first century, the Big Oil has taken a strategic approach based on the latest production maximization, and the name of the procedure was called as drill-baby-drill (Pedroni et al. 2013). This production-maximizing policy was comprised of latest technologies for extracting oil and involved appropriate investments (Thurner and Proskuryakova 2014). In the recent years, this system made a remarkable change in the production maximizing policy, which in turn brought difficult to reach oil reservoirs on an online basis (Pedroni et al. 2013). According to the research, OReilly with his colleagues had proposed a production-maximizing strategy, which was comprised of two key assumptions including the following: (1) as time passes by, the demand for oil will gradually increase by a large speed. (2) Due to this increasing demand for oil, the price of the oil will also need to rise for balancing the costly investments in oil e xtraction (Shuen, Feiler and Teece 2014). However, presently, those assumptions seems to be false and for that reason, the Big Oil companies need an employ strong management teams for taking the initiative to plan for production-maximizing policies (Shin et al. 2013). This, in turn, will meet the demands of the oil companies by increasing the profit and revenues (Davies et al. 2014).Planning by oil companies for low carbon global world (Wilson and VanBriesen 2012). According to the research, it is evident that the Oil and Gas companies of the world need to focus on their responsibilities and particular challenges for improving the access to energy and for meeting the future demand for energy during the addressing of climatic risks and management of environmental impacts (Haluszczak, Rose and Kump 2013). After the excessive investment for the alternative sources of energy, much energy forecast anticipates that fossil fuels are going fulfill 50% of the demand for global energy within the year, 2040. Some potential is there for reducing the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) by using the natural gas instead of using coal. When the natural gas is burnt, it liberates around half of the carbon dioxide per unit as compared to coal (Hickenbottom et al. 2013). The oil industries require concentrating not only on commercial, financial, and technological risks but also on the climatic hazards (Wilson and VanBriesen 2012). This, in turn, is going to give an innovative opportunity for the oil industries for meeting the needs of carbon efficiency and sustainability. The Oil and Gas companies have the chance to invest in renewable energy by installing wind farm, which is surely going to reduce the carbon gas emissions (Rahm et al. 2013). Another strategic measure that the Big Oil needs to implement for reducing the carbon emission is to introduce the global carbon price. The global carbon price technique plays a crucial role in encouraging the technological options related to little global carbon world. Statoil has a carbon price of $50/tonne, which plays a significant role in reducing their carbon emissions by half as compared with the other oil companies (Murray 2013). Many Oil and Gas companies are investing in the carbon storage and capture technique. The carbon capture and storage technique can prevent CO2 generation up to 75-90% (Pedroni et al. 2013). From the research and analysis, it is evident that the Carbon capture and storage method became commercially viable and became an important part in the sustainable development of the environment. Planning by oil companies to reduce carbon dioxide emission The four ways by which the emission of carbon can be reduced includes the next strategic planning: The efficiency of Energy: By using the fuel-efficient vehicles while traveling, by improving the building insulations, and by using the electrical devices can reduce the amount of CO2 emission in the atmosphere (Shin et al. 2013). Conservation of Energy: If the personal use of energy can be reduced by turning off the electrical appliances then the demand for electricity can also be reduced (Wilson and VanBriesen 2012). The less use of vehicles for short distance travel can lessen the assumption of petroleum. All the two steps help to reduce the excessive emissions of CO2 in the atmosphere (Curran, Wolff and Stahl 2013). Fuel Shifting: The production of the huge amount of energy from the renewable sources of energy such as solar power, geothermal energy, wind energy, hydropower, biomass energy and by using the fuels having lower carbon percentage can reduce the emission of carbon into th e atmosphere (Pedroni et al. 2013). Sequestration and capture of carbon: The capturing and sequestration of carbon dioxide are the two technologies that lessen the emission of CO2 from the existing and current coal and gas (Russo 2015). Conclusion After the overall analysis of the research, it can be concluded that the management of the Oil and Gas industries are very much essential for overcoming the problems related to the production and extraction of oil and gasses. The Oil and Gas companies were facing many pitfalls to earn sufficient cash for covering the spending, dividends, and projects. Then some latest technologies and methods like hydraulic fracturing, self-liquidation, and shifting from oil exploration to latest energy technologies helped to reduce the cash crisis issues. The Oil and Gas industries also concentrated on the policies regarding production maximization to increase the revenue and profit percentage. Finally, the research concludes the different planning techniques that the oil companies need to plan for reducing the carbon emission in the atmosphere including efficiency of energy, conservation of energy, sequestration, and capture of carbon, and fuel shifting. References Arapostathis, S., Carlsson-Hyslop, A., Pearson, P.J., Thornton, J., Gradillas, M., Laczay, S. and Wallis, S., 2013. Governing transitions: Cases and insights from two periods in the history of the UK gas industry.Energy Policy,52, pp.25-44. Chang, C.L., McAleer, M. and Tansuchat, R., 2013. Conditional correlations and volatility spillovers between crude oil and stock index returns.The North American Journal of Economics and Finance,25, pp.116-138. Curran, M.F., Wolff, B.J. and Stahl, P.D., 2013. DEMONSTRATION STUDY: APPROACHING OIL AND GAS PAD RECLAMATION WITH DATA MANAGEMENT: A FRAMEWORK FOR THE FUTURE1.Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation,2(2). Davies, R.J., Almond, S., Ward, R.S., Jackson, R.B., Adams, C., Worrall, F., Herringshaw, L.G., Gluyas, J.G. and Whitehead, M.A., 2014. Oil and Gas wells and their integrity: Implications for shale and unconventional resource exploitation.Marine and Petroleum Geology,56, pp.239-254. Fuller, M.R., 2013.Raptor nesting near Oil and Gas development: an overview of key findings and implications for management based on four reports by HawkWatch International(No. 432). Bureau of Land Management. Gregory, K. and Mohan, A.M., 2015. Current perspective on produced water management challenges during hydraulic fracturing for Oil and Gas recovery.Environmental Chemistry,12(3), pp.261-266. Haluszczak, L.O., Rose, A.W. and Kump, L.R., 2013. Geochemical evaluation of flowback brine from Marcellus gas wells in Pennsylvania, USA.Applied Geochemistry,28, pp.55-61. Hickenbottom, K.L., Hancock, N.T., Hutchings, N.R., Appleton, E.W., Beaudry, E.G., Xu, P. and Cath, T.Y., 2013. Forward osmosis treatment of drilling mud and fracturing wastewater from Oil and Gas operations.Desalination,312, pp.60-66. Hladik, M.L., Focazio, M.J. and Engle, M., 2014. Discharges of produced waters from Oil and Gas extraction via wastewater treatment plants are sources of disinfection by-products to receiving streams.Science of the Total Environment,466, pp.1085-1093. Ingraffea, A.R., Wells, M.T., Santoro, R.L. and Shonkoff, S.B., 2014. Assessment and risk analysis of casing and cement impairment in Oil and Gas wells in Pennsylvania, 20002012.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,111(30), pp.10955-10960. Keefer, D.A., Shaffer, E.G., Storsved, B., Vanmoer, M., Angrave, L., Damico, J.R. and Grigsby, N., 2015.RVA. 3-D Visualization and Analysis Software to Support Management of Oil and Gas Resources. Univ. of Illinois, Champaign, IL (United States). Kelland, M.A., 2014.Production chemicals for the Oil and Gas industry. CRC press. Murray, K.E., 2013. State-scale perspective on water use and production associated with Oil and Gas operations, Oklahoma, US.Environmental science technology,47(9), pp.4918-4925. Pedroni, P.M., Fennessey, K., Romer, R. and Ruck, P., 2014, March. Making the Connection: Oil and Gas Management of Natural Resources. InSPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment. Society of Petroleum Engineers. Pedroni, P.M., Jaramillo, H., Torres, C.M.D.L., Navarrete, Z.H., Bernalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Ramirez, J. and Reed, T., 2013. A partnership approach to addressing applied ecological research needs of an Oil and Gas business.Journal of Applied Ecology,50(3), pp.539-543. Rahm, B.G. and Riha, S.J., 2014. Evolving shale gas management: water resource risks, impacts, and lessons learned.Environmental Science: Processes Impacts,16(6), pp.1400-1412. Rahm, B.G., Bates, J.T., Bertoia, L.R., Galford, A.E., Yoxtheimer, D.A. and Riha, S.J., 2013. Wastewater management and Marcellus Shale gas development: trends, drivers, and planning implications.Journal of environmental management,120, pp.105-113. Rodriguez, R.S. and Soeder, D.J., 2015. Evolving water management practices in shale oil gas development.Journal of Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources,10, pp.18-24. Russo, A., 2015. The Importance of Continuous Improvement in Occupational Health and Safety Management and Regulation in the Oil and Gas Industry.Franklin Business Law Journal,2015(3). Salazar-Aramayo, J.L., Rodrigues-da-Silveira, R., Rodrigues-de-Almeida, M. and de Castro-Dantas, T.N., 2013. A conceptual model for project management of exploration and production in the Oil and Gas industry: The case of a Brazilian company.International Journal of Project Management,31(4), pp.589-601. Shin, H., Jeong, K.Y., Lacina, M. and Her, Y., 2013. Forecasting Changes in Profitability in the Oil and Gas Industry Using Ratios and Data Envelopment Analysis. Shuen, A., Feiler, P.F. and Teece, D.J., 2014. Dynamic capabilities in the upstream Oil and Gas sector: Managing next generation competition.Energy Strategy Reviews,3, pp.5-13. Thurner, T. and Proskuryakova, L.N., 2014. Out of the coldthe rising importance of environmental management in the corporate governance of Russian Oil and Gas producers.Business Strategy and the Environment,23(5), pp.318-332. Uddameri, V., Morse, A. and Reible, D., 2014. Unconventional oil and natural gas resources development and their potential environmental impacts.Air and Waste Management Association, Pittsburgh, PA, pp.18-25. Wilson, J.M. and VanBriesen, J.M., 2012. Oil and Gas produced water management and surface drinking water sources in Pennsylvania.Environmental Practice,14(04), pp.288-300. Yusuf, Y.Y., Gunasekaran, A., Musa, A., Dauda, M., El-Berishy, N.M. and Cang, S., 2014. A relational study of supply chain agility, competitiveness and business performance in the Oil and Gas industry.International Journal of Production Economics,147, pp.531-543.

Missed Nursing Care free essay sample

Introduction Patient safety is a concern in the hospital setting. Missed nursing care due to high nurse patient ratios, or staffing issues leads to patient falls. Patient falls tend to be a big issue and expensive matter for hospitals nationwide. This paper will focus on a qualitative research article regarding missed nursing care, staffing, and patient falls. Included will be a summary of the research, methods and research used in the study, significance of the research findings, ethical considerations, and a conclusion. Summary of Research Problem Falls pose problems for many patients, such as death, fractures, functional need, and afraid of reoccurrence. Although, hospitals have set forth evidence based guideline strategies for de creasing the number of falls. Consistency and implementation of the strategies are limited. Data was gathered from 188 medical surgical units in 48 separate hospitals nationwide. Data revealed there was not consistent use of interventions to address specific risks. The findings go hand in hand with nursing care being regularly missed. We will write a custom essay sample on Missed Nursing Care or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Nursing care often gets missed due to staffing issues. Missing any nursing care or not fully completing tasks leads to patient falls (Kalisch, Tschannen Lee, 2012). Methods and Research Used in the Study A qualitative approach was used in the design of this research. The research project was conducted in smaller scale hospitals of 60 beds to larger scaled hospitals with 913 beds. The total number of units was 124, this was broken down to as little as 2 units in the smaller hospitals to as many as 22 units n the bigger hospitals. Unit inclusion criteria were, an average patient length of stay of 2 days or more and, a patient population greater than 18 years. Exclusion criteria were short stay units and pediatric, womens health, perioperative, and psychiatric units. All patient care units in the hospitals that met the inclusion criteria agreed to participate in the study (Kalisch, Tschannen Lee, 2012). 3432 nurses were included in this study. In addition to nurses 980 nursing assistants were participants of this study. The surveys return rate was 57. 3%, some units was as high as 99. % and as low as 34. 4%. (Kalisch, Tschannen Lee, 2012). Missed nursing care data was collected from the MISSCARE survey. This survey focuses on identifying the rate of missed care. (Kalisch, Tschannen Lee, 2012). The article states that the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicator standards was used as a guideline to describe Hour Per Patient Day (HPPD). The number of working hours by all nursing staff was to calculate these HPPD values (Kalisch, Tschannen Lee, 2012). Any witnessed or unwitnessed event that leads to a patient found on a floor is used as a definition for patient falls. A ratio of falls per 1000 patient days was used as the calculation of fall rates for this research. (Kalisch, Tschannen Lee, 2012). Significance of Research Findings Statistical analysis showed that there is a high correlation between patient falls and the factors of nurse staffing that were addressed in this study. This shows that nurse staffing is significant in preventing patient falls and safety concerns in the hospital. The findings in data collected reinforce previous findings that greater staffing leads to fewer patient falls in the hospital. There were several correlations between the data collected and patient falls. The correlation and data collected also support that the types of missed care can be predicted at different staffing levels(Kalisch, Tschannen Lee, 2012). Ethical Considerations After institutional review board approval from each of the contributing hospitals, study data was collected from November 2008 to August 2009. During the research process patient privacy remained protected. No ethical issues were listed to being an issue. Conclusion The findings from this research study emphasizes the significance of guaranteeing that required care is accomplished daily, to decrease the number of patient falls. Although, staffing may affect the rates of patient falls, the level of influence is lowered when care is finished entirely. Additional work must be done to help nurses in completing essential tasks such as ambulating patients, assisting patients with toileting, patient assessments, and answering call lights, which may mean more staff members. Techniques for helping staff members complete all portions of nursing care include lists, reminders, and engagement of the patient. Until it is completely understood that the process of nursing care and its relationships to patient outcomes are related, we will not be able to develop positive strategies to stop unfavorable proceedings such as falls. Staffing and nurse to patient ratios should be considered to help aid in nursing care completion.